Many students mix -ed and -ing adjectives. The difference is small but important:
-ed = how someone feels; -ing = what causes the feeling.

This lesson gives you the grammar (theory), clear examples from everyday life, common mistakes, and practical activities to practice in class or at home.

-ed adjectives (feelings)

Use -ed when you describe the person (or animal) who feels something: I am tired, She was surprised.

-ing adjectives (causes)

Use -ing when the noun is the cause of an emotion: The lecture was tiring, The news was shocking.

Quick test: If you can put very before it (very tired), it is probably an adjective describing a feeling. If the noun causes the feeling, use -ing